Journal: AJNR: American Journal of Neuroradiology

Article Title: CT Angiography for Surgical Planning in Face Transplantation Candidates

doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A3268

Figure Lengend Snippet: Candidate for full face transplantation. A, After catastrophic loss of facial tissues, muscle flaps and skin grafts placed during >20 surgeries rendered the patient's face featureless. B, Surgical-planning volume-rendered CT angiography depicts residual arteries after previous reconstructions using bilateral free latissimus muscle and serratus muscle flap arteries (dashed arrows), which are anastomosed end-to-end to the bilateral facial artery stumps (arrows). While not ideal, those facial and/or flap arteries are technically available and considered for microsurgical anastomoses. Prior surgical clips are rendered in green using the multiobject segmentation described in the text. C, Venous images from the same CT acquisition show occluded or absent bilateral anterior, posterior facial, and left external jugular veins. Patency of the right external jugular vein (arrow) and bilateral internal jugular veins (dashed arrows) is confirmed.

Article Snippet: We routinely use multiobject segmentation (Vitrea fX 6.0; Vital Images, A Toshiba Medical Systems Group Company, Minnetonka, Minnesota) to portray the spatial relationships ( B ).

Techniques: Transplantation Assay

Journal: AJNR: American Journal of Neuroradiology

Article Title: CT Angiography for Surgical Planning in Face Transplantation Candidates

doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A3268

Figure Lengend Snippet: Candidate for full face transplantation who was attacked by a chimpanzee. A, Photograph of the victim after multiple conventional reconstructive surgeries for catastrophic facial injury, demonstrating the limitation of conventional surgical options. B, Volume-rendered reformations of CT images by using multiobject segmentation to rapidly communicate information to the surgical team. In red, the arteries, including the course of right facial artery, are clearly demonstrated. The facial artery was used for the anterolateral thigh flap immediately after the injury. The anastomosis can be identified via surgical clips rendered in green.

Article Snippet: We routinely use multiobject segmentation (Vitrea fX 6.0; Vital Images, A Toshiba Medical Systems Group Company, Minnetonka, Minnesota) to portray the spatial relationships ( B ).

Techniques: Transplantation Assay

Journal: Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY)

Article Title: Organizational Principles of Human Visual Cortex Revealed by Receptor Mapping

doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhn024

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synopsis of the mean concentrations for those receptors, which showed consistent differences reflecting cortical hierarchy (A) or visual stream distinction (B). All bars represent grand mean concentrations obtained from averaging the mean (across ROIs) concentrations of the 4 individual cases. The lower rows give the mean difference between hierarchically adjacent (A, separately by visual stream), respectively, corresponding areas (B). Significant differences are shown by colored bars, nonsignificant ones in gray. Lines denote the minimum and maximum difference observed in individual cases. Because the statistical analysis was carried out as a conjunction requiring significant effects in each case, these lines do not implicate statistical significance. Confidence intervals, however, would contradict the logic of multisubject conjunction studies needed to analyze the small sample sizes available for autoradiographic data.

Article Snippet: Due to the small sample sizes available for receptorautoradiographic analysis, group inference was performed via a multisubject conjunction analysis ( Eickhoff, Schleicher, et al. 2007 ).

Techniques: